Abstract
Abstract. The wake flow produced from an Enercon E-70 wind turbine is investigated through three scanning Doppler wind LiDARs. One LiDAR is deployed upwind to characterize the incoming wind, while the other two LiDARs are located downstream to carry out wake measurements. The main challenge in performing measurements of wind turbine wakes is represented by the varying wind conditions, and by the consequent adjustments of the turbine yaw angle needed to maximize power production. Consequently, taking into account possible variations of the relative position between the LiDAR measurement volume and wake location, different measuring techniques were carried out in order to perform 2-D and 3-D characterizations of the mean wake velocity field. However, larger measurement volumes and higher spatial resolution require longer sampling periods; thus, to investigate wake turbulence tests were also performed by staring the LiDAR laser beam over fixed directions and with the maximum sampling frequency. The characterization of the wake recovery along the downwind direction is performed. Moreover, wake turbulence peaks are detected at turbine top-tip height, which can represent increased fatigue loads for downstream wind turbines within a wind farm.
Highlights
The evaluation of wind turbine performance, and design and optimization of wind farms are typically performed through a synergistical interaction of different tools
Results obtained from basic analytical models are compared to the ones of CFD numerical simulations of the wake flow produced from wind turbines, or to wind tunnel tests of downscaled wind turbine models
Current industry standards for field measurements in wind energy consist in tests preformed with instrumented masts, which could be insufficient for the characterization of wind turbine wakes, because of the limited number of measurement locations
Summary
The evaluation of wind turbine performance, and design and optimization of wind farms are typically performed through a synergistical interaction of different tools. LiDAR tests can be performed by staring the laser beam at a fixed direction, i.e. producing 1-D velocity profiles carried out with the maximum sampling frequency. These tests can be useful for the characterization of wake turbulence. The LiDARs measured over an az- ident the clarity for the physical interpretation of the wind imuthal range of 16◦, centered with the azimuthal location of data obtained through a volumetric scan; the signifwthwe ww.ianddv-tuscrbi-irnees,.naentd an angular step of 0.5◦.
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