Abstract
We developed two-photon (TP) probes for DNA (ABI-Nu), cytoplasm (Pyr-CT), and mitochondria (BF-MT). We found that ABI-Nu binds to AT in the minor groove, while ABI-Nu and BF-MT are effective for tracking in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, respectively. These probes showed very large effective two-photon action cross section values of 2230, 1555, and 790 Göppert-Mayer units (1 GM = 10−50 cm4 s photon−1molecule−1) at 740 nm with emission maxima at 473, 561, and 560 nm, respectively, in each organelle. Using these probes, we quantitatively estimated the mean nuclear area and the ratios of nuclei to cytoplasm and mitochondria to nuclei in human colon tissues by dual-colour two-photon microscopy imaging within 2 h after biopsy. The mean nuclear area and the nuclei to cytoplasm and mitochondria to cytoplasm ratios increased in the following order: normal colon mucosa <colon adenoma <colon adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the nuclear areas of these tissues showed significant differences that were well outside of the ranges of experimental errors, indicating the diagnostic potential of this method.
Highlights
We developed two-photon (TP) probes for DNA (ABI-Nu), cytoplasm (Pyr-CT), and mitochondria (BFMT)
We found that ABI-Nu binds to AT in the minor groove, while ABI-Nu and BF-MT are effective for tracking in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, respectively
The development of two-photon (TP) probes for the nuclei, cytoplasm, and mitochondria that emit TP-excited fluorescence (TPEF) at widely separated wavelengths may enable the simultaneous estimation of the mean nuclear area (N-area) and the ratios of nucleus to cytoplasm (N/C) and nuclei to mitochondria (M/N) using dual-colour Two-photon microscopy (TPM) imaging, which may serve as a new method for pathologic diagnosis of colon cancer
Summary
We developed two-photon (TP) probes for DNA (ABI-Nu), cytoplasm (Pyr-CT), and mitochondria (BFMT). These probes showed very large effective two-photon action cross section values of 2230, 1555, and 790 Göppert-Mayer units (1 GM = 10−50 cm[4] s photon−1molecule−1) at 740 nm with emission maxima at [473, 561], and 560 nm, respectively, in each organelle Using these probes, we quantitatively estimated the mean nuclear area and the ratios of nuclei to cytoplasm and mitochondria to nuclei in human colon tissues by dual-colour two-photon microscopy imaging within 2 h after biopsy. The development of two-photon (TP) probes for the nuclei, cytoplasm, and mitochondria that emit TP-excited fluorescence (TPEF) at widely separated wavelengths may enable the simultaneous estimation of the mean nuclear area (N-area) and the ratios of N/C and nuclei to mitochondria (M/N) using dual-colour TPM imaging, which may serve as a new method for pathologic diagnosis of colon cancer. We expected that the positively charged and strongly electron-accepting pyridinium ion would localize this probe to the mitochondria and emit TPEF at a wavelength longer than that of ABI-Nu
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
