Abstract
This study explained the c-myc and p53 gene expression and polymorphisms in chronic (40), cirrhosis (30) and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, (HCC) (30) patients related to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection and healthy control (50) in Egypt. Where, c-myc (intron 8) and p53 (codon 72) gene expression and polymorphisms were determined using qRT-PCR and PCR-RFLP techniques. The results showed that c-myc gene expression (2-ddct) was significantly increased in chronic (1.38), cirrhosis (1.47) and HCC (5.59) compared to the control group (1.00), while p53 gene expression (2-ddct) was significantly decreased compared to the control group (0.82, 0.65, 0.33 and 1.00, respectively). In HCC group, c-myc genotype (CC) was predominant (90%) more than cirrhosis, chronic and control (73.33, 22.5 and 6%, respectively), GG genotype was predominant in control (70%) more than chronic, cirrhosis and HCC groups (67.5, 6.66 and 6.66%, respectively) and GC genotype was high in control (24%) more than cirrhosis, chronic and HCC groups (20, 10 and 3.33%, respectively). p53 PP (88%) genotype was predominant in control more than chronic, cirrhosis and HCC groups (30, 30 and 6.66%, respectively), AA genotype was predominant in HCC group (73.33%) more than chronic, cirrhosis and control (50, 10 and 4%, respectively) and genotype PA was predominant in cirrhosis (60%) more than chronic, HCC and control (20, 20 and 8%, respectively). These results suggest clearly that both c-myc and p53 gene expression and polymorphisms influence clinical outcome and progression of HBV infection and then considered an accurate genetic biomarker to determine and predict the progression of HBV infection.
Highlights
Worldwide, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) are mainly caused by Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Fifty patients were excluded from this study due to coinfection with Hepatitis A Virus (HAV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), hepatorenal syndrome
Our results indicated that the HBV serological markers, such as Hepatitis B envelope Antigen (HBeAg), HBcAg and AntiHBe were significantly decreased in HCC and cirrhosis groups compared to chronic group (P = 0.022, P = 0.001 and P = 0.041, respectively)
Summary
Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) are mainly caused by Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). In all over the world, more than 400 million persons are chronically infected with HBV, which is responsible for more than 300 thousand cases of HCC per year (Lai et al, 2003). Many factors are known for affecting the clinical results of chronic viral hepatitis, inclusive: Viral, host, environmental and genetic factors (Kao and Chen, 2005). Genetic polymorphisms of both p53 and cmyc genes have been associated to the development of HCC, their impacts remain controversial on the progression of liver disease (Poeta et al, 2007)
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