Abstract
In the age of globalisation, implementation and commercialisation of new technologies are perceived as key elements determining competitiveness of particular countries, therefore, the growth of innovativeness is seen as the predominant direction of European Union society’s transformation into information society. The aim of the paper is to propose a procedure of measurement of innovativeness growth over time, with the Summary Innovation Index (SII) methodology as a starting point. The considered issue can be expressed by the following main question: how to measure the innovation performance dynamics for a selected group of countries (such as the EU-28, EU-15 or EU-13 countries) and for time intervals (not only for two moments of observations). This is an important inquiry since well-known innovativeness indices (SII, GII, or IOI) concentrate mainly on the provision of information about countries’ innovation performance for a specific year of observations. Due to this fact, changes occurring over longer time periods are rather neglected. The main result of the paper is a proposition of average innovativeness growth index. The index uses weights describing the employment share of a selected group of specialists (e.g.: scientists and engineers, research and development personnel) in relation to the economically active population.
Highlights
In the contemporary world, innovative activity is a vital factor of competitiveness and longterm economic growth of a country
The following research question has been formulated based on the set objective: how and by what means is the dynamics of changes in innovativeness measured in the case of a selected group of states (e.g.: the European Union (EU)-28, EU-15 or EU-13) over a specific period of time? On this basis, an attempt to verify the main hypothesis that the dynamics of the level of innovativeness of the entire EU differs from the analogical assessment of a selected subgroup (e.g.: the EU 13, EU 15, V4) has been made in the paper
The analyses in the presented study are based on the Summary Innovation Index, they can in general be based on any innovation index or measure generating nominal values, if only this measure evaluates innovativeness
Summary
Innovative activity is a vital factor of competitiveness and longterm economic growth of a country. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 2019, 20(2): 268–293 development (i.e. development based on knowledge-intensive activities) are perceived as the predominant direction of changes that should be occurring in the European Union’s (EU) societies, enabling continuous growth of innovativeness. The aim of the paper is to develop and discuss a procedure for measuring changes in innovativeness levels in the EU on the basis of the Summary Innovation Index (SII) methodology. The following research question has been formulated based on the set objective: how and by what means is the dynamics of changes in innovativeness measured in the case of a selected group of states (e.g.: the EU-28, EU-15 or EU-13) over a specific period of time ( for two observation moments)? In the considered period of time, the dynamics of innovation performance either slowed down or was characterised by a lack of a clear trend and significant fluctuations
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