Abstract
Radon concentration, exhalation rate, radium activi ty and annual effective dose have been measured fro m baked and unbaked bricks and cement samples commonly used as construction material in the dwellings of Dera Ismail Khan City, Pakistan. CR-39 based NRPB radon dosimeters and RAD7 have been used as passive and active devises. The values of radon con centration for baked, unbaked bricks and cements obtained from passive and active techniques were fo und in good agreement. Average values of radon exhalation rates in baked, unbaked bricks and cemen t were found (1.202±0.212) Bq m
Highlights
High concentration of radon and its decay product of average annual dose is the internal exposure and is widely known to be dangerous to human health
Exhalation rate, radium activity and annual effective dose have been measured from baked and unbaked bricks and cement samples commonly used as construction material in the dwellings of Dera Ismail Khan City, Pakistan
Average values of radon exhalation rates in baked, unbaked bricks and cement were found (1.202±0.212) Bq m−2 h−1, (1.419±0.230) Bq m−2 h−1 and (0.386±0.117) Bq m−2 h−1 and their corresponding average radium activity and annual effective dose were found (0.956±0.169) Bq/kg, (1.13±0.184) Bq/kg, (0.323±0.098) Bq/kg and (33.96±5.99) μSv y−1, (40.3±6.51) μSv y−1 and (10.94±3.28) μSv y−1, respectively. Exhalation rate and their corresponding radium activity and annual effective dose were found higher in unbaked bricks as compared to baked bricks and cement but overall values of radon exhalation rate, annual effective dose and radium activity were found well below the world average values of 57.600 Bq m−2 h−1, 1100 μSv y−1 and 370 Bq/kg, respectively
Summary
High concentration of radon and its decay product of average annual dose is the internal exposure and is widely known to be dangerous to human health. It is one-third is external exposure (Wang, 2002). Radon is a natural radioactive gas which is radon gas, where it is due to the deposition of radon found everywhere and cannot be avoided. It has very on the skin, the alpha particles are suspected to serious effects on human health due to large scale include damage to the epithelial cell. A 2.4 mSv the highest dose compared to other body organs, after
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