Abstract
Estimations of specific activity concentrations in eight commercial porcelain tiles made in different countries were performed by the use of HPGe detector. We have found that the highest specific activity concentrations for 238U, 40K were equal to (21.120 Bq/kg) and (283.862 Bq/kg) respectively, Iranian origin, while the highest specific activity concentration for 232Th was found to be equal to (29.292 Bq/kg), Iraqi origin; all of which were less than their corresponding recommended values given by (UNSCEAR, 2000). The radiation hazard indices [Iɣ , Hin ,Hex , Raeq ,DƔ , (AEDE) in and (AEDE) out] were also studied and their values were less than the allowed values determined by (UNSCEAR, 2000). Therefore, all the studied tiles of commercial porcelain are safe when used, for example, in floor constructions.
Highlights
Humans are constantly presented to ionizing radiation because of radiation sources
We use HPGe detector to determine the specific activity concentrations and radiation hazard indices for some commercial porcelain tiles, which is the aim of this paper
Eight commercial porcelain tiles were gathered from various different markets and industrial facilities
Summary
Other than radiation made by human, the radiation primary source is a characteristic of radioactivity [1]. The radionuclides of 238U, 40K and 232Th can be found nearly in a wide range of materials which are produced from the earth's crust [2]. These radionuclides enter into the bodies through the food, water and air [3]. These radionuclides and daughters dispose some dangers because of their emissions of beta and gamma rays and because of radon and its daughters which emits alpha particles [4]. The human body contains slight amounts of naturally occurring radioactive elements in muscles, bones and tissues. We use HPGe detector to determine the specific activity concentrations and radiation hazard indices for some commercial porcelain tiles, which is the aim of this paper
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