Abstract
Nitrous acid (HONO) is an important tropospheric air pollutant. Photolysis of HONO produces hydroxyl radicals that promote ozone formation. HONO may also adversely affect human health. Sources of HONO include both direct emission from combustion processes and secondary atmospheric formation from nitrogen oxides (NOx). The relative contribution of these sources to ambient HONO concentrations is not well known. In this study, HONO and NOx emissions from on-road vehicles were measured at the Caldecott Tunnel during summer 1995. The Caldecott Tunnel is located on a heavily used highway in the San Francisco Bay area. The mean and median model years of vehicles observed during this study were 1989.3 and 1990, respectively. Nitrous acid was collected on sodium carbonate-coated glass annular denuders; NOx concentrations were measured using chemiluminescent analyzers. Average HONO concentrations in the tunnel exhaust and background air were 6.9 ± 1.4 and 0.7 ± 0.3 ppb, respectively. The average HONO/NOx ratio in m...
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