Abstract
AbstractThe emf's of the system Ag, AgCl/NaCl (mI)/membrane/NaCl(mII)/AgCl, Ag containing phenol–formaldehyde sulfonate membrane have been measured at 30°C. The membrane phase has been analyzed for its electrolyte and water contents and intramembrane activity coefficients have been derived as a function of external electrolyte concentration. Transference numbers of Na+ counterion and water have been measured as functions of both current density and external concentration. The data have been used to test the principal theories of membrane potential. The fixed‐charge theory of Teorell and Meyer and Sievers did not give satisfactory agreement between observed and calculated emf's of membrane cells, whereas the Scatchard theory did.
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