Measurement of mass diffusivity by light streak imaging

Abstract

Mass diffusion relates to migration of one species in another and is a consequence of local heterogeneity of concentration distribution and energy. The present study describes an optical method based on the shadowgraph technique for measuring a binary mass diffusivity of a solute in a solvent using a collimated beam of light. The measurement technique exploits the principle that refraction of a light beam due to concentration gradient creates a sharp visible streak in an image. The streak is a bright, visible linear feature in a shadowgraph image and opens up a new method of diffusivity measurement. The movement of the streak with time is due to a finite mass diffusivity of a solute in a solvent. Experiments with glucose, salt and glycerin diffusion in water have been conducted within a time window obtained from the sensitivity analysis. The respective mass diffusivities are determined by the light streak as well as the linearized shadowgraph technique, and compared with the values reported in the literature. The proposed approach promises to yield a simple method of determining mass diffusivity in a variety of binary systems without explicit measurement of the species concentration.