Abstract
Air-core high-temperature superconducting quadrupole magnets (AHQMs) differ from conventional iron-core quadrupole magnets, in that their iron cores are removed, and instead high-temperature superconductors (HTSs) are applied. The high operating temperature and high thermal stability of HTS magnets can improve their thermodynamic cooling efficiency. Thus, HTS magnets are more suitable than low temperature superconducting magnets for withstanding radiation and high heat loads in the hot cells of accelerators. AHQMs are advantageous because they are compact, light, and free from the hysteresis of ferromagnetic materials, due to the removal of the iron-core. To verify the feasibility of the use of AHQMs, we designed and fabricated a 3.0 T/m AHQM. The magnetic field properties of the fabricated AHQM were evaluated. Additionally, the characteristics of the air-core model and iron-core model of 9.0 T/m were compared in the scale for practical operation. In comparison with the iron-core model, AHQM significantly reduces the critical current (IC) due to the strong magnetic field inside the coil. In this study, a method for the accurate calculation of IC is introduced, and the calculated results are compared with measured results. Furthermore, the optimal shape design of the AHQM to increase the critical current is introduced.
Highlights
Quadrupole magnets for beam focusing in accelerators are manufactured using low temperature superconductors (LTSs) [1]
In comparison with LTSs operating in a liquid helium environment, the high operating temperature and high thermal stability of high-temperature superconductors (HTSs) can improve the thermodynamic cooling efficiency [4]
The critical current of each double-pancake coils (DPCs) manufactured for the magneticfields field incident in the perpendicular direction is different from that calculated by considering the magnetic all angular components
Summary
Quadrupole magnets for beam focusing in accelerators are manufactured using low temperature superconductors (LTSs) [1]. The air-core HTS quadrupole magnet, which must satisfy the required field characteristics only by the HTS wire, generates a larger magnetic field inside the superconducting coil than the iron-core model. The air-core HTS quadrupole magnets, which are arranged for the required field properties, generate a stronger parallel magnetic field than the perpendicular magnetic field in the coil in which the superconducting wire is placed Both the magnetic field strength and angle must be considered to accurately predict the reduction of the critical current of the air-core HTS quadrupole magnet. By applying the proposed design method, it is expected that the air-core HTS quadrupole magnet can achieve a higher critical current margin and improve operation stability.
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