Abstract
To measure listening effort using of a dual-task paradigm of working memory and analyze the clinical significance of the normal-hearing individuals' performance. Participants were 10 young adults with similar socio-cultural level, aged 18-30 years, of both genders, classified as normal-hearing individuals based on the quadritonal average (500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz). The participants were submitted to audiological anamnesis, meatoscopy, and pure tone audiometry. Listening effort was measured using a dual-task paradigm comprising the tasks of speech perception and working memory with logatomes, real words, and meaningless sentences. Prior to measurement, the dual-task paradigm was carried out in audiometric booth in order to train the participants to perform the tasks properly. After the training stage, this paradigm was conducted under two different hearing situations with white noise: signal-to-noise ratios of +5 and -5dB. Performance comparison per ear, right or left, for the two signal-to-noise ratios significantly influenced the speech perception tasks with logatomes and meaningless sentences in both ears; however, significant difference was observed only for the right ear in the tasks of listening effort and working memory. Listening effort can be measured using the paradigm proposed, and this instrument was proven sensitive for the quantification of this auditory parameter.
Highlights
Especially regarding international scope, the theme listening effort has been studied in the areas of audiology and cognitive psychology in order to establish a consensus in terms of the definition, the best measurement method and cognitive resources involved in this auditory parameter
The interaction between the working memory and the amount of effort expended during speech perception tasks in different listening situations, that is, with manipulation of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has been one of the themes investigated in this interaction
Estimating the listening effort needed for understanding of spoken language is important for the identification of aspects that make difficult the auditory perception in a naturally, that is, without effort
Summary
Especially regarding international scope, the theme listening effort has been studied in the areas of audiology and cognitive psychology in order to establish a consensus in terms of the definition, the best measurement method and cognitive resources involved in this auditory parameter. The interaction between the working memory and the amount of effort expended during speech perception tasks in different listening situations, that is, with manipulation of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has been one of the themes investigated in this interaction. Individuals with higher working memory capacity expend less listening effort in speech perception tasks with manipulation of signal-to-noise ratios[7,8], since even for tasks that estimate listening effort successfully, there will be alterations in terms of the number of elements that any individual can remember and repeat, since this subtype of memory is a limited system[7,9,10]
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