Abstract
Post-implantation localization of deep brain stimulation (DBS) lead based on a magnetic resonance (MR) image is widely used. Existing localization methods use artifact center method or template registration method, which may lead to a considerable deviation of > 2 mm, and result in severe side effects or even surgical failure. Accurate measurement of lead position can instantly inform surgeons of the imprecise implantation. This study aimed to identify the influencing factors in DBS lead post-implantation localization approach, analyze their influence, and describe a localization approach that uses the individual template method to reduce the deviation. We verified that reconstructing direction should be parallel or perpendicular to lead direction, instead of the magnetic field. Besides, we used simplified relationship between magnetic field angle and deviation error to correct the localization results. The mean localization error can be reduced after correction and favors the feasibility of direct localization of DBS lead using MR images. We also discussed influence of in vivo noise on localization frequency and the possibility of using only MR images to localize the contacts.
Highlights
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a widely used treatment for various neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, and depression (Benabid, 2003; Stefurak et al, 2003; Huys et al, 2016)
It indicated the importance of the reconstruction direction on the accuracy of lead localization, and contact positions were determined from Figure 2A by both the fiducial-based and direct identification approaches, and marked in the figure
We used simplified relationship to decrease the error to the level of 0.42 mm on average, which favors the feasibility of direct localization of the DBS lead from magnetic resonance (MR) images
Summary
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a widely used treatment for various neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, and depression (Benabid, 2003; Stefurak et al, 2003; Huys et al, 2016). The spatial relationship between the leads and target nuclei, as well as the surrounding neural elements, should be determined to guide the programming in order to optimize clinical efficacy and reduce side effects (Butson et al, 2007; Chaturvedi et al, 2010). It can help elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of DBS and its related fundamental brain functions. Results can be readily fused with those from other MRI modalities, such as functional MRI, in order to provide powerful means of investigating
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