Abstract
The paper provides experimental data on flow separation from a model of the human vocal folds. Data were measured on a four times scaled physical model, where one vocal fold was fixed and the other oscillated due to fluid–structure interaction. The vocal folds were fabricated from silicone rubber and placed on elastic support in the wall of a transparent wind tunnel. A PIV system was used to visualize the flow fields immediately downstream of the glottis and to measure the velocity fields. From the visualizations, the position of the flow separation point was evaluated using a semiautomatic procedure and plotted for different airflow velocities. The separation point position was quantified relative to the orifice width separately for the left and right vocal folds to account for flow asymmetry. The results indicate that the flow separation point remains close to the narrowest cross-section during most of the vocal fold vibration cycle, but moves significantly further downstream shortly prior to and after glottal closure.
Highlights
Human voice is created by expiring air from the lungs through a narrow constriction called the glottis
Data were measured on a four times scaled physical model, where one vocal fold was fixed and the other oscillated due to fluid–structure interaction
The results indicate that the flow separation point remains close to the narrowest cross-section during most of the vocal fold vibration cycle, but moves significantly further downstream shortly prior to and after glottal closure
Summary
Human voice is created by expiring air from the lungs through a narrow constriction called the glottis. The vocal folds ( called the vocal cords) are two symmetric soft tissue structures fixed between the thyroid cartilage and arytenoid cartilages. They are composed of the thyroarytenoid muscle and ligament covered by mucosa. Under certain conditions (subglottal pressure, glottal width, longitudinal tissue tension), the vocal folds can start to oscillate and in regular phonation close the channel periodically, creating disturbances of the pressure field. These pressure disturbances are further filtered by the vocal tract, radiated from the mouth, and perceived as voice
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