Abstract
This study investigated the measurement of circular dichroism (CD) spectra without controlling a phase modulator. In a conventional CD system, the peak retardation of the phase modulator must remain constant over the observed wavelength range. Thus, the phase modulator must be controlled to maintain an appropriate modulation degree at an observed wavelength. In contrast, CD obtained using retardation domain analysis is not affected by peak retardation. Consequently, CD spectra can be measured without control of the phase modulator, which was experimentally demonstrated in this study. Additionally, linear dichroism spectra were obtained using retardation domain analysis.
Highlights
Circular dichroism (CD) spectrometers are commonly used for the study of chiral molecules and materials
The system consists of a light source (D2 lamp), a monochromatic filter, a polarizer set along the x-axis, a photoelastic modulator (PEM) rotated 45◦
The system is virtually identical to a conventional CD measurement system using the phase modulation technique
Summary
Circular dichroism (CD) spectrometers are commonly used for the study of chiral molecules and materials. A conventional method for these spectrometers is the phase modulation technique, which involves a phase modulator and a lock-in amplifier [1]. In this technique, the peak retardation of the phase modulator must remain constant over the observed wavelength range [2,3]. It should be noted that the peak retardation of the phase modulator does not affect the CD obtained by this analysis. This signifies that the CD spectrum can be obtained without adjusting the modulation degree of the phase modulator. Linear dichroism (LD) of the sample can be simultaneously obtained by retardation domain analysis
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