Abstract
Background: The description of the human face has been a major concern since long time. Individual identification is one such field where anthropometric parameters, especially cephalo-facial measurements, are an important tool in determining the various shapes of head and face. Hence the objective of the study was to determine the shapes of head and face.
 Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional and observational type which consisted of 222 individuals (115 female and 107 male). It was conducted from January to June, 2019 after receiving ethical approval. The cephalic and facial indices were derived after measuring length and breadth of head and face. The collected data was entered in excel and analyzed with SPSS (22.0).
 Results: The present study observed that the most common type of face was hyperleptoprosopic 168 (75.68%) followed by leptoprosopic 43 (19.37%), mesoprosopic 10 (4.50% female only) and euryprosopic 1 (0.93% male only). Similarly, the most common type of head was dolicocephalic 165 (74.33%), followed by mesocephalic 51 (22.97%), and brachycephalic 6 (2.70%).
 Conclusions: This study concluded that the hyperleptoprosopic face was most common type and the least common type was euryprosopic face. The most common type of head was found to be dolicocephalic and the least common type was found to be brachycephalic.
Highlights
This study concluded that the hyperleptoprosopic face was most common type and the least common type was euryprosopic face
Nepal is a nation with complex and varied ethnic composition of population where the shape of human face and head is often used for identification of individual
The cephalo-facial indices are generally considered as indicators of shape of human head and face respectively which may provide a clue to genetic transmission of inherited characters.[3,4]
Summary
Nepal is a nation with complex and varied ethnic composition of population where the shape of human face and head is often used for identification of individual. The shape of human face and head is affected by several factors like age, gender, race, ethnicity, climate and genetic factors.[1] Cephalo-facial morphometry reviews the anatomical complexes of the head and face of human being living within a similar geography.[2]. It provides considerable information about physical conditions and development during growth. Individual identification is one such field where anthropometric parameters, especially cephalo-facial measurements, are an important tool in determining the various shapes of head and face. The objective of the study was to determine the shapes of head and face.
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