Abstract
Understanding the flow of groundwater is very important, not only for water management but also for the prevention and mitigation of natural disasters. The electrical resistivity method has been established as an effective groundwater exploration method in geological surveys. The purpose of this study is to develop an accurate investigation method for groundwater flow using soil impedance fluctuations. As a preliminary experiment, the apparent soil impedance was measured by applying a low-frequency current through a soil column with water flow inside. The apparent impedance showed fluctuations due to water flow at frequencies above 20 Hz, and the fluctuation range increased with the flow rate of water. It has been proposed that groundwater flow can be detected by measuring impedance fluctuations, and it is considered that this method can be applied to groundwater surveys and embankment and reservoir leak surveys.
Highlights
Since water is one of the most important natural resources for all living things and humans, it is essential to maintain civilized life, highly developed industry and economy, and environmental activities all over the world
In Japan, there have been some cases in which river embankments have collapsed in many places due to water penetration into the soil [4]
A soil sample holder made of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe has an inner diameter of 5 cm and a length of 20 cm
Summary
Since water is one of the most important natural resources for all living things and humans, it is essential to maintain civilized life, highly developed industry and economy, and environmental activities all over the world. Water availability and quality should be preserved. There has been an increasing number of groundwater demands by public water supplies and industry. Geophysical methods are used to determine the subsurface flow of groundwater, risk assessment and mitigation, water leakages in the distribution system for drinking water [1], and tunnel maintenance [2]. River embankment construction is essential for natural disasters prevention caused by earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, and flooding [3]. In Japan, there have been some cases in which river embankments have collapsed in many places due to water penetration into the soil [4]
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