Measurement methods for the mechanical testing and biocompatibility assessment of polymer-ceramic connective tissue replacements

Abstract

This paper describes the measurement methods of UV cross-linked hydroxyapatite-polymers composites particularly focused on the role of their composition on structure, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Morphology and elemental composition were investigated with SEM-EDS. The chemical structure was analysed with FT-IR spectroscopy. Stereometric and surface roughness parameters, stress and strain in the static tensile test, and swelling kinetic of composites were also studied. Biocompatibility assessment was performed utilizing direct contact cytotoxicity assay and pro-inflammatory tests. Cell morphology observation was undertaken with confocal microscopy. The composites containing poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and gelatin revealed a 9% deformation and 164.0 ± 2.3% sorption capacity. The addition of albumin and aspartic acid results in a 16% higher deformation and 166.5 ± 3.3% equilibrium swelling. The materials were not cytotoxic. The morphology of the cells exposed to the composites remained unchanged. Composite based on poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and gelatin induced monocyte cytoplasmic extensions lengthening of 207.2% in comparison with the reference material.