Abstract
Recent research has advanced a socioecological theory to account for differences in the strengths of covariances among disparate personality measurements in different cultures. According to this socioecological complexity hypothesis, niche diversity is greater in more complex societies and this relaxes the covariances among personality traits (e.g., see Lukaszewski et al., 2017). While the socioecological complexity hypothesis is novel and interesting, we suggest that approaches used to test it thus far are conceptually and methodologically flawed. Accordingly, extant findings should be considered cautiously and not construed as evidence against alternative explanations for differences in personality or other behavioral trait covariances within or across countries. To advance the literature, here we review measurement issues that require attention in efforts to test the socioecological complexity hypothesis and then describe approaches that may aide researchers in overcoming them.
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