Abstract
Although the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) has been validated in some European and American countries, there are no studies that evaluate its factorial invariance among different nations. In this sense, the objective of the study is to evaluate the factorial invariance of the BRCS in samples of older adults in Peru and Spain, using multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis. 236 older adults from Peru participated (Mean age = 72.8, SD = 6.90) and 133 older adults from Spain (Mean age = 71, SD = 7). In the Peruvian sample 78.4% were women and 21.6% men; while in the Spanish sample the majority were women (69.9%). The BRCS was scalar invariant but not strictly invariant between Spain and Peru. Our results found invariance of the structure, factor loadings and intercepts in both countries. These results support the use of BRCS in studies that compare the resilience between samples of older adults in both countries, and encourage applied research for the development of resilience in older adults in Spain and Peru.
Highlights
In recent years, resilience has received attention from the scientific community as an important part of successful aging (Felten & Hall, 2001; Jopp & Smith, 2006; Resnick, 2014)
Different theoretical perspectives coexist on resilience during the old age
Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology (2021) 36:431–444 et al, 2008), commonly resilience is understood as the set of personal and contextual resources that enable individuals to successfully cope and adapt to the various stressors that appear throughout life (Luthar & Cichetti, 2000; Masten, 2007)
Summary
Resilience has received attention from the scientific community as an important part of successful aging (Felten & Hall, 2001; Jopp & Smith, 2006; Resnick, 2014). Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology (2021) 36:431–444 et al, 2008), commonly resilience is understood as the set of personal and contextual resources that enable individuals to successfully cope and adapt to the various stressors that appear throughout life (Luthar & Cichetti, 2000; Masten, 2007) This conceptualization considers resilience as a protective self-regulating mechanism (Hardy et al, 2004; Masten, 2007; Sojo & Guarino, 2011) in the face of stressful situations in the old age, such as the gradual loss of autonomy, cognitive impairment, lack of mobility, frailty, economic uncertainty, or dealing with significant others’ death as well as his/her own death (Aldwin & Igarashi, 2012; Fried et al, 2004; Grenier, 2005; Nygren et al, 2005; Ryff et al, 1998; Serrano-Parra et al, 2012; Smith & Hayslip, 2012). An adequate measurement of resilience in the older adults is needed and important both for clinical practice and research (Resnick & Inguito, 2011)
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