Abstract
This companion paper of [1] focuses on the prediction of various faults and instabilities that may occur during the operation of the transmission power grid when overhead high-voltage broadband over power lines (OV HV BPL) networks are deployed across it. Having already been identified the theoretical OV HV BPL transfer function for a given OV HV BPL network [1], the faults and instabilities of the transmission power grid are first differentiated from the measurement differences, which can occur during the determination of an OV HV BPL transfer function, and, then, are identified by applying the best L1 Piecewise Monotonic data Approximation (best L1PMA) to the measured OV HV BPL transfer function. When faults and instabilities are detected, a warning is issued. The contribution of this paper is triple. First, the Topology Identification Methodology (TIM) of [1] is here extended to the proposed Fault and Instability Identification Methodology (FIIM) so that faults and instabilities across the transmission power grid can be identified. Also, the curve similarity performance percentage metric (CSPpM) that acts as the accompanying performance metric of FIIM is introduced. Second, the impact of various fault and instability conditions on the OV HV BPL transfer functions is demonstrated. Third, the fault and instability prediction procedure by applying the FIIM is first reported. Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2016). Measurement Differences, Faults and Instabilities in Intelligent Energy Systems – Part 2: Fault and Instability Prediction in Overhead High-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks by Applying Fault and Instability Identification Methodology (FIIM). Trends in Renewable Energy, 2(3), 113-142. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2016.2.3.0027
Highlights
The deployment of broadband over power lines (BPL) networks across the vintage overhead high-voltage (OV HV) power grid can transform it into a modern IP-based communications network with a great number of smart grid applications [1]
Various types of transmission BPL networks are simulated with the purpose of evaluating the proposed Fault and Instability Identification Methodology (FIIM) against the traditional one
To the Topology Identification Methodology (TIM) of [1], the efficiency of the FIIM is assessed with regards to the transmission BPL topologies and the nature of measurement differences
Summary
The deployment of broadband over power lines (BPL) networks across the vintage overhead high-voltage (OV HV) power grid can transform it into a modern IP-based communications network with a great number of smart grid applications [1]. The broadband potential of power grid has been recognized and exploited as a formidable basis on which the protection capability of the power grid is further enhanced [2], [17]-[21] In this companion paper, the Fault and Instability Identification Methodology (FIIM) is proposed that exploits the well-validated knowledge concerning: (i) the BPL network operation across transmission and distribution power grids (i.e., hybrid method of [22]-[36]); (ii) the anti-fault operation of best L1PMA [1], [37]; and (iii) the Topology Identification Methodology (TIM) of [1].
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