Abstract
Measurement of ultrashort electron bunches using the fluctuation of incoherent radiation has been pursued at Nuclear Engineering Research Laboratory (NERL), University of Tokyo. The fluctuations of Cherenkov radiation have been measured for 20- and 35-MeV electron bunches and the bunch lengths were obtained from one-dimensional evaluation as 4.5- and 30-ps FWHM respectively, while the femtosecond streak camera showed 1.0- and 1.5-ps FWHM for the respective bunches. The discrepancy comes from the finite transverse emittance. The dependence of the transverse beam emittance upon the fluctuation of Cherenkov radiation is investigated by three-dimensional numerical analysis and the new formula is deduced where the fluctuation of time-integrated intensity of Cherenkov radiation is inversely proportional to the transverse beam emittance. The model for quantitative analysis of the longitudinal electron bunch length including the effects of transverse coherent modes is presented. The possibility of applying the method to laser accelerated bunches is discussed.
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