Measurement and molecular simulation of the solubility properties of 4-tert-Butyl-2, 6-dinitro-3-methoxytoluene in single and binary solvents

Abstract

The solubility of 4-tert-Butyl-2, 6-dinitro-3-methoxytoluene (musk amberette) in methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran and methanol + tetrahydrofuran at 278.15 K to 318.15 K were determined. All measurement data obtained good results by merging Van’t Hoff, modified Apelblat, λh, Yaws, NRTL, Wilson, Jouyban-Acree and Sun model. The deviation analysis between fitting values and experimental values indicates that the Yaws model was more effectively in fitting the solubility of musk amberette. In addition, the ΔsolH°, ΔsolG°, ΔsolS° of musk amberette solution were discussed by Van’t Hoff equation. Their fruits implied that the dissolution of musk amberette is found to be accompanied by heat absorption and entropy gain processes. This is consistent with the positive slope of the T-x1 curve, which means that high temperature is advantage for the continued dissolution of musk amberette. In contrast, the presence of strong hydrogen bonds between alcohol solvents results in their lowest solubility for musk amberette. As an important task, the melting performance and crystal structure of musk amber were tested through instruments. The same characteristics exclude the presence of solvates or polymorphs. Finally, molecular visualization analysis was used to summarize the interatomic interactions within the crystal of musk amberette. The relationship between HSP, π, α, β, CED and their ability to dissolve musk amberette was discussed. It has been proven that high CED of the solvent is the main obstacle to the dissolution of musk amberette. The interaction between the O atom of musk amberette and hydroxyl H atom of alcohol in binary mixed solutions was obtained through molecular dynamics. Further, elucidated the relationship between mixed solvents and solubility. In summary, these studies will provide strong guidance for the upgrading of musk amberette production processes.