Measurement and Modeling the Excess Molar Volumes and Refractive Index Deviations of Binary Mixtures of 2-Propanol, 2-Butanol and 2-Pentanol with N-Propylamine

Abstract

The densities, ρ, and refractive indices, n D, of 2-alkanols (C3–C5) with N-propylamine have been measured for the whole range of composition at temperatures from (298.15–328.15) K at 10 K intervals and ambient pressure of 81.5 kPa, using an Anton Paar DMA 4500 oscillating tube densimeter and an Anton Paar Abbemat 500 automatic refractometer. From the experimental data, excess molar volumes \( V_{\text{m}}^{\text{E}} \) partial molar volumes \( \bar{V}_{i} \) apparent molar volumes V ϕi and refractive index deviations Δn D the binary systems consisting of N-propylamine + 2-alkanols (2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-pentanol) were calculated and \( V_{\text{m}}^{\text{E}} \) and Δn D values were correlated with the Redlich–Kister polynomial. The effect of temperature and the chain length of the alcohol on the excess molar volumes and refractive index deviations are discussed in terms of molecular interaction between unlike molecules. The excess molar volumes are negative and refractive index deviations are positive over the entire composition range, which indicates strong hydrogen bonding between molecules of the mixtures. A comparative study has been made of the refractive indices obtained experimentally and those calculated by means of the Lorentz–Lorenz, Weiner and Arago–Biot relations. The perturbed chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT), simplified PC-SAFT and Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory were also applied to correlate and predict the density and excess molar volumes of the mixtures.