Measurement and differentiation of banana juice scent using an electronic nose FF-2A.

Mayumi Nomura,Yoshinobu Manome,Tsuyoshi Tokita,Takeo Iwamoto,Erika Osada

doi:10.7717/peerj.10638

Abstract

BackgroundBanana juice is becoming a popular beverage in Japan and the number of soft-drink stands or shops that take great care and pride in the quality of their products has been increasing. This study aims to measure the scent of banana juice from different brands using the electronic (e-) nose FF-2A in order to identify the characteristics, time-related changes, and the differences among them.MethodsWe standardized the scent value of banana juice measured using FF-2A and determined the absolute value in three different shops. We compared the similarities in samples from each shop with axis data created using standardized measurement. With FF-2A we identified the scent common to all banana juice samples from the composite scent and numerically showed the similarity to the reference gas.ResultsThe juices from each shop had their own characteristics and we were able to identify the difference between some of these. The response of FF-2A varied according to the increase/decrease in the number of characteristic molecules measured by GC-MS such as overtime fluctuations in the gas. These data were shown along with the differences between the various banana juices.ConclusionsFF-2A was able to identify the scent of banana juice at each banana shop as well as time-related changes. By combining GC-MS, we were able to evaluate scent components that changed over time. The results using the electronic nose may prove useful for objective evaluation and comparison of scent with other types of juices.

Highlights

Various types of fruits are widely served as juice
In this study, focusing on the scent of banana juice we aimed to clarify the followings using e-nose FF-2A which is developed as a fragrance recognizer equipped with 10 types of sensors having differing characteristics and GC-MS, whether it is possible to identify the characteristics of the banana juice scent itself and the uniqueness of those characteristics at each shop using a sensor, whether we can tell how the scent will change over time after the juice has been made using the sensor, and whether there is a difference in the scent between different types of banana juice which are currently on sale
To examine the type of scent that humans perceive in the banana juice scent, we calculated the similarity to the standard gas vector from the reactivity of the scent of banana juice in three shops to ten types of sensors

Summary

Introduction

Various types of fruits are widely served as juice. While apples, strawberries, and grapes are popular, banana is the most consumed fruits in the United States (Shahbandeh, 2020) and which has advantages over other juices since number of beneficial physiological effects of banana juice have been identified. Banana juice is widely consumed throughout the world This is especially the case in Japan where this particular juice has recently become popular being widely featured in various television programs and magazine articles. The response of FF-2A varied according to the increase/decrease in the number of characteristic molecules measured by GCMS such as overtime fluctuations in the gas. These data were shown along with the differences between the various banana juices. FF-2A was able to identify the scent of banana juice at each banana shop as well as time-related changes. The results using the electronic nose may prove useful for objective evaluation and comparison of scent with other types of juices

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion