Measurement and correlation of vapor–liquid equilibrium data for binary and ternary systems composed of (−)-β-caryophyllene, p-cymene and 3-carene at 101.33 kPa

Abstract

Abstract New experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for three binary systems composed of p-cymene + (−)-β-caryophyllene, 3-carene + (−)-β-caryophyllene, and 3-carene + p-cymene and for the ternary system of (−)-β-caryophyllene + p-cymene + 3-carene were obtained using a modified Ellis equilibrium still over the temperature range from 444.44 to 528.78 K at 101.33 kPa. The compositions of these mixtures were assessed using gas chromatography. The VLE data for the binary systems passed thermodynamic consistency tests based on the Herington method and Van Ness test. The thermodynamic consistency of the ternary system was checked by a Van Ness test. The VLE data for binary systems were correlated using the Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models with minor deviations. The ternary VLE data were also satisfactorily correlated using the Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC models. By comparing the experimental values for the ternary system with the values calculated using the three models, the average absolute deviation of the equilibrium temperature and vapor–phase composition were determined to be less than 0.57 K and 0.0060, respectively. These results indicated excellent agreement of the models with experimental values.