Meaningfulness is not the most important component for changes in sense of coherence

Abstract

Sense of coherence is a theoretical construct which is used to measure the degree to which a person finds the world comprehensible, manageable and meaningful. The main aim of the present study was to assess the hypothesis of Antonovsky that meaningfulness is the most crucial component in sense of coherence. The second aim was to explore the importance of its components and factors at baseline on sense of coherence changes and if the findings can be used in cardiac rehabilitation. One hundred patients, who suffered a primary myocardial infarction were followed during two years. The instruments used were; sense of coherence questionnaire-13, 12-item short-form health survey questionnaire, the Seattle angina questionnaire and health curve. Thirty-nine percent of the participants fulfilled Antonovsky's hypothesis. Comprehensibility and the baseline factors of smoking, alcohol use, marital status and disease perception proved to be of importance for sense of coherence changes over time. The hypothesis that meaningfulness is the most crucial component in sense of coherence is rejected for patients with primary myocardial infarction. Comprehensibility is more important than meaningfulness for changes in sense of coherence. Nurses therefore have an important task to increase comprehensibility and sense of coherence by providing information and knowledge about myocardial infarction and lifestyle changes at an early stage. The information should be given in an individualized and easily understandable way from a salutogenic perspective, which means to identify and work with factors that can contribute to preserving and promoting health.