Abstract
2 experiments manipulated meaningfulness (M) and formal similarity (FS) in a multitrial free-recall task. Both accuracy and unidirectional and bidirectional subjective organization (SO) were measured. M facilitated both recall, and SO but had a greater effect on bidirectional than unidirectional SO. Low FS lists resulted in higher recall and SO scores than did high FS lists, probably because of greater item discriminability. The data were discussed in terms of current research on organizational processes.
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