Mean-field theory on a coupled system of ferromagnetism and electronic nematic order

Abstract

We analyze an effective model on a square lattice with two types of forward scattering interactions, which, respectively, drive ferromagnetism (FM) and electronic nematic order via a $d$-wave Pomeranchuk instability ($d$PI). The FM and $d$PI in general compete with each other and they are typically separated by a first-order phase boundary in the plane of the chemical potential and temperature. Nevertheless, there is a parameter region where the $d$PI occurs inside the FM phase, leading to their coexistence. We also study the effect of a magnetic field by choosing a chemical potential where the ground state is paramagnetic without a field. In this case, instead of FM, the $d$PI competes with a metamagnetic instability. The latter occurs above a threshold strength of the FM interaction and otherwise the $d$PI is stabilized with a dome-shaped phase diagram in the plane of a magnetic field and temperature. The FM interaction shifts the center of the dome to a lower field, accompanied by a substantial reduction of the field range where the $d$PI is stabilized and by an extension of the first-order part of the transition line, although the maximal critical temperature does not change. Our results indicate that proximity to the FM instability can be important to understand the experimental phase diagram observed in the bilayer ruthenate Sr${}_{3}$Ru${}_{2}$O${}_{7}$.