Abstract
Background. Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease that develops in patients with a genetic predisposition, incurring a susceptibility to gluten-containing foods such as barley, wheat, and rye. The elimination of gluten from the diet is the main therapeutic approach and usually leads to clinical and laboratory improvement. There are no ideal markers that objectively assess dietary compliance in CD patients.Materials and methods. Sixty newly diagnosed CD patients (male/female: 43/17) and 40 healthy subjects (male/female: 23/17) were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of CD was established by both histological findings of duodenum biopsy (total villous atrophy and lymphocytic infiltration) and positive antibodies against endomysium or gliadin.Results. A significantly higher mean platelet volume (MPV) was observed in the CD group compared with healthy subjects (8.45 ± 0.96 fL versus 7.93 ± 0.63 fL; p = 0.004). After introduction of a gluten-free diet, the MPV of CD patients in the dietary adherent group was significantly lower than that of the non-adherent group (8.09 ± 0.6 fL versus 8.9 ± 1.08 fL; p = 0.001). Overall dietary adherence rate was 71.6% (43/60 CD patients). In the dietary compliant group, initiation of gluten-free diet was associated with a significant decrease in MPV from base-line values (8.56 fL versus 8.25 fL; p = 0.008). In the non-adherent group, MPV on 3-month follow-up was higher than at base-line (8.05 fL versus 8.91 fL; p = 0.001).Conclusion. MPV could be a promising and easily available biomarker for monitoring of dietary adherence in CD patients at a low cost in comparison with other modalities.
Highlights
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease which affects genetically predisposed individuals, making them susceptible to gluten, which is found in foods such as barley, wheat, and rye
A correct diagnosis is usually based on the detection of serum antibodies against endomysium and gliadin followed by histopathological confirmation by a biopsy of the small intestine, using criteria described by Marsh [1,2,3]
The control group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with functional gastrointestinal disorders, all of whom had a normal complete blood cell count (CBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, as well as being negative for antibodies against gliadin and endomysium
Summary
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease which affects genetically predisposed individuals, making them susceptible to gluten, which is found in foods such as barley, wheat, and rye. Elimination of gluten from the diet is the main therapeutic approach, resulting in significant clinical and laboratory improvements in the majority of CD patients. The elimination of gluten from the diet is the main therapeutic approach and usually leads to clinical and laboratory improvement. After introduction of a gluten-free diet, the MPV of CD patients in the dietary adherent group was significantly lower than that of the non-adherent group (8.09 ± 0.6 fL versus 8.9 ± 1.08 fL; p = 0.001). In the dietary compliant group, initiation of gluten-free diet was associated with a significant decrease in MPV from base-line values (8.56 fL versus 8.25 fL; p = 0.008). In the non-adherent group, MPV on 3-month follow-up was higher than at base-line (8.05 fL versus 8.91 fL; p = 0.001). MPV could be a promising and available biomarker for monitoring of dietary adherence in CD patients at a low cost in comparison with other modalities
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