Abstract
In this paper, we present a mean-field model of the spin–magnetization coupling in ferromagnetic materials. The model includes non-isotropic diffusion for spin dynamics, which is crucial in capturing strong spin–magnetization coupling. The derivation is based on a moment closure of the quantum spinor dynamics coupled to magnetization dynamics via the Landau–Lifchitz–Gilbert equation and the spin-transfer torque. The method is general and systematic, and can be used to study spin–orbit coupling as well. The form of the non-isotropic diffusion is generic, i.e., independent of the closure assumptions. Fully 3-D numerical simulation is implemented and applied to predict current-driven domain wall motions. It shows a non-linear dependence of the wall speed on the current density, which agrees with the experiments.
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