Abstract
Inflammation is an organism’s physiological response to harmful septic and aseptic stimuli. This process begins locally through the influx of immune system cells to the damaged tissue and the subsequent activation and secretion of inflammatory mediators to restore homeostasis in the organism. Inflammation is regulated at many levels, and one of these levels is post-transcriptional regulation, which controls the half-life of transcripts that encode inflammatory mediators. One of the proteins responsible for controlling the amount of mRNA in a cell is the RNase monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1). The studies conducted so far have shown that MCPIP1 is involved not only in the regulation of inflammation but also in many other physiological and pathological processes. This paper provides a summary of the information on the role of MCPIP1 in adipogenesis, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, cancer, and skin inflammation obtained to date.
Highlights
Inflammation is a biological response activated by the immune system in response to harmful stimuli such as injury or invasive pathogens
A growing body of evidence shows that monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) regulates the differentiation and proliferation of many different cell types, and this effect might be related to the MCPIP1-induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to endoplasmic reticulum stress
The results revealed that the keratin family of genes (Krt6b, Krt16, and Krt23) and small proline-rich protein 2 (Sprr2d/e/h) are upregulated, which indicated that MCPIP1 normally suppresses these genes
Summary
Inflammation is a biological response activated by the immune system in response to harmful stimuli such as injury or invasive pathogens. TLRs, a well-studied type of PRR that detects invading microbes, produce inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and chemokines (e.g., MCP-1 and CXCL8) that act as mediators in the inflammatory response [4] These mediators can alter the behaviour of other immune cells, such as by instigating the recruitment of phagocytic neutrophils to sites of infection, or can alter the behaviour of target tissues, such as by promoting vasodilation. Cells and tissues that are inflamed cannot perform their everyday functions as effectively as under normal conditions, which is likely expected because inflammation is a response to unusual and disruptive cell conditions Despite this fact, as cells begin to adapt their behaviour to their new environments or to restore homeostatic physiological conditions, they might activate metabolic switches or activate stress responses and thereby increase their vulnerability to certain types of diseases [4]. The classic sign of autoimmune disorders and cellular/genetic disorders such as familial Mediterranean fever is chronic inflammation [13]
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