Abstract
Abstract We have developed 1-inch square-shaped Micro-Channel-Plate PMT (MCP-PMT) for the barrel particle identification detector, named Time-Of-Propagation (TOP) detector, at the Belle II experiment. The TOP detector utilizes the precise timing measurement to reconstruct the charged particle velocity through the Cherenkov ring image and the time-of-flight information. The MCP-PMT realizes the timing measurement with 40 ps precision for single photon detection. We have tested over 600 MCP-PMTs including spares, and installed 512 of those into the Belle II TOP detector. Along with the mass production, we have studied to improve the MCP-PMT photocathode lifetime. By applying Atomic-Layer-Deposition (ALD) technique on MCP and further residual gas reduction process, the lifetime have improved significantly. The improved PMTs are also installed. To understand the mechanism of photocathode deterioration, we have measured feed-backed ion’s signals using developed MCP-PMTs and studied the correlation between the rate and the lifetime.
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