Abstract
In steam boiler industrial sector, pressure and temperature of the water tube are the two main factors that affecting the safety and efficiency of a steam boiler. Explosions may be occurring because of a sudden drop in pressure without a corresponding drop in temperature. Therefore, understanding the temperature distribution of the water tube boiler is essential control the failure and explosion of the boiler. Once the temperature distribution is known then the limiting factors that affect the water tube life such as maximum allowable thermal stresses can be determined. ANSYS software will be used to determine the temperature distribution in the water tube of a utility boiler during operation at elevated inlet water and furnace temperature. The theory of axisymmetric has been utilized since water- tube is cylindrical in shape. In axisymmetric theory, a three-dimensional cylindrical problem like water tube can be reduced to two dimensional by ignoring the circumferential Ө, while r-axis and z-axis became x-axis and y-axis or Cartesian coordinate. Then two-dimensional rectangular elements meshing for the profile cross-section along the water tube in r and z axes were implemented in a computerize simulation using ANSYS 10 to find out the steady state temperature distribution of the water tube.
Highlights
Based on the sensitivity analysis done, Finite Element Method (FEM) and ANSYS simulation with rectangular formulation are in good agreement in term of determining the temperature distribution of water tube
ANSYS simulation using rectangular formulation was chosen as main method in this research in order to save the processing time
The ANSYS simulation can be used as visualization, to view the thermal behavior of water tube during steam generation process
Summary
A boiler is a closed vessel in which a fluid, usually under pressure water is heated by the direct application of heat resulting from the combustion of fuel (solid, liquid, or gaseous) or by the use. A boiler must be designed to absorb the maximum amount of heat released during the process of fuel combustion. The temperature distribution inside water tube performs a pattern that leads to be a better design in strength, fire resistance or energy conversion. If the pressure inside is too great somehow because of some reason plus the overheating of water tube by scaling or exceeds in heat fluxes, the boiler may turn into a time bomb, which may explode any time without warning
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