Abstract
Low vaccination coverage of livestock is one of the major challenges to control anthrax in Bangladesh. This study was conducted to assess an alternate approach to maximize vaccination coverage. The method included traditional vaccination campaigns, livestock census, interviews, focus group discussions of cattle farmers, vaccination and livestock personnel, and validation workshops. It was observed that a mass vaccination program covered only 44% of the cattle population. It was found that 54.1% of the respondents did not bring their cattle to mass vaccination programs due to the difficulties of handling cattle and that there was no male member in the household. Only 12.5% of respondents acknowledged that they were not aware of the vaccine, and 3% of the respondents claimed that they ignored vaccination due to cost. All of the respondents from livestock personnel agreed that manpower was not enough to cover the total area. Further, 20% of vaccinators mentioned that they did not get enough vaccines. For an effective vaccination program, 58.33% of respondents recommended door-to-door service, and 54.16% of respondents suggested to arrange regular vaccination campaigns in six-month intervals. Thus, regular campaigns with door-to-door vaccination services are suggested to control anthrax outbreaks in Bangladesh.
Highlights
Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world
Since our study was conducted in the northern part of Bangladesh and each region had minor variations in literacy, awareness level, socio-economic status, population density, as well as cattle number, these variations were overlooked in the present study
A total of 13,136 cattle were vaccinated in 72 vaccination campaigns in 8 different study areas
Summary
Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. It has the highest density of livestock such as cattle, goat, sheep, and buffaloes as compared to other countries.Rural households mostly rear livestock as a part of their daily lives, and it plays an important role in their livelihood. Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. It has the highest density of livestock such as cattle, goat, sheep, and buffaloes as compared to other countries. Rural households mostly rear livestock as a part of their daily lives, and it plays an important role in their livelihood. It is a source of quality protein, and its manure is the best organic fertilizer for land, bone is an important source of minerals, while skin and hides are the primary raw material of leather industries. Many sectors and professions like veterinarians, butchers, livestock traders, artificial inseminators, medicine suppliers and marketing networkers, livestock feed industries, and dairy and meat food processing industries
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