Abstract
On-load tap changing transformers are the most common control device to regulate and maintain distribution network voltage within required limits. Voltage rise issues on the other hand have become a major factor limiting greater penetration of low carbon generators, particularly in weak distribution networks. Here, the voltage rise problem is addressed through the application of optimised set-point voltage technique that aims to improve network hosting capacity to accommodate high wind penetration. It assesses the effectiveness of the technique on a realistic 289-node UK generic 11 kV distribution network using time-series optimal power flow simulations. The results reveal that when the tap changer is operated at the optimised set-point voltage, it can lead to greater energy yields. It also shows a reduction in the number of tap changing operations when the transformer is operated within the optimised deadband allowing for an improved life-span and minimum maintenance cost.
Highlights
Centralised voltage control methods in distribution networks have traditionally relied on on-load tap changing (OLTC) transformers as the most common control device to regulate and maintain network voltages within required limits [1]
To simplify and automate voltage control, automatic voltage control (AVC) relays are used in conjunction with line drop compensation (LDC) equipment
The AVC relay continually monitors the network to detect voltage variation and initiates a tap change command to the motorised OLTC when the voltages are outside the pre-set limits [3]
Summary
Centralised voltage control methods in distribution networks have traditionally relied on on-load tap changing (OLTC) transformers as the most common control device to regulate and maintain network voltages within required limits [1]. To simplify and automate voltage control, automatic voltage control (AVC) relays are used in conjunction with line drop compensation (LDC) equipment. The AVC relay continually monitors the network to detect voltage variation and initiates a tap change command to the motorised OLTC when the voltages are outside the pre-set limits [3]. The AVC relay operation usually incorporates a time delay setting between 10 and 120 s from detecting an out of range voltage and starting a tap-change command. The LDC is used to compensate for voltage drop variations on the line between the transformer and loads situated towards the far end of the feeder
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