Maximal performance at altitude and on return from altitude in conditioned runners.

Abstract

ArticleMaximal performance at altitude and on return from altitude in conditioned runners.E R Buskirk, J Kollias, R F Akers, E K Prokop, and E P ReateguiE R Buskirk, J Kollias, R F Akers, E K Prokop, and E P ReateguiPublished Online:01 Aug 1967https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1967.23.2.259MoreSectionsPDF (2 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByMaximal pulmonary ventilation and lactate affect the anaerobic performance in young women exposed to hypobaric hypoxia8 February 2023 | Frontiers in Physiology, Vol. 14Does Hyperbaric Oxygenation Improve Athletic Performance?20 June 2022 | Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Vol. 37, No. 2Monitoring Physiological Performance over 4 Weeks Moderate Altitude Training in Elite Chinese Cross-Country Skiers: An Observational Study24 December 2022 | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 20, No. 1Creating an in vivo hypoxic environment by gas inhalation for the potential evaluation of new pulse oximetersTranslational and Regulatory SciencesSki Mountaineering—Scientific Knowledge of This New Olympic Sport: A Narrative Review1 February 2023 | Current Sports Medicine Reports, Vol. 22, No. 2Biathlonda Atış İsabetini Etkileyen Bazı Fizyolojik Faktörlerin İncelenmesi20 December 2022 | Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri DergisiAdaptive Responses to Hypoxia and/or Hyperoxia in HumansAntioxidants & Redox Signaling, Vol. 37, No. 13-15Effects of Acute Exposure and Acclimatization to High-Altitude on Oxygen Saturation and Related Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Health and Disease12 November 2022 | Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol. 11, No. 22Factors Affecting Sea-Level Performance Following Altitude Training in Elite Athletes4 November 2022 | Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise, Vol. 4, No. 4Adequate exercise response at artificial altitude in Fontan patients18 August 2022 | Frontiers in Pediatrics, Vol. 10Physiological Effects of Training in Elite German Winter Sport Athletes: Sport Specific Remodeling Determined Using Echocardiographic Data and CPET Performance Parameters25 July 2022 | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, Vol. 9, No. 8Whole-Blood and Peripheral Mononuclear Cell Transcriptional Response to Prolonged Altitude Exposure in Well-Trained RunnersClinical Journal of Sport Medicine, Vol. Publish Ahead of PrintPhysiological Aspects of World Elite Competitive German Winter Sport Athletes5 May 2022 | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 19, No. 9Cardiac Autonomic Modulation and Response to Sub-Maximal Exercise in Chilean Hypertensive Miners13 April 2022 | Frontiers in Physiology, Vol. 13Does Moderate Altitude Affect VO 2 max in Acclimatized Mountain Guides?High Altitude Medicine & Biology, Vol. 23, No. 1Athlete’s Heart in Elite Biathlon, Nordic Cross—Country and Ski-Mountaineering Athletes: Cardiac Adaptions Determined Using Echocardiographic Data29 December 2021 | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, Vol. 9, No. 1Effect of acute altitude exposure on ventilatory thresholds in recreational athletesRespiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Vol. 293The Borg Scale at high altitudeHealth Promotion & Physical Activity, Vol. 15, No. 2Altitude Cardiomyopathy Is Associated With Impaired Stress Electrocardiogram and Increased Circulating Inflammation Makers11 March 2021 | Frontiers in Physiology, Vol. 12The Use of Pulse Oximetry in the Assessment of Acclimatization to High Altitude10 February 2021 | Sensors, Vol. 21, No. 4Pressure environmentCircumstances and causes of death of hikers at different altitudes: A retrospective analysis of hiking fatalities from 2003–2018Forensic Science International, Vol. 310Influence of high affinity haemoglobin on the response to normoxic and hypoxic exercise11 February 2020 | The Journal of Physiology, Vol. 598, No. 8Sport in Extreme Environments: Cardiovascular Issues9 April 2020Association of EGLN1 gene with high aerobic capacity of Peruvian Quechua at high altitude11 November 2019 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, No. 48Exercise responses in children and adults with a Fontan circulation at simulated altitude11 October 2019 | Congenital Heart Disease, Vol. 14, No. 6Separate and combined influences of heat and hypobaric hypoxia on self-paced aerobic exercise performanceKarleigh E. Bradbury, Kirsten E. Coffman, Katherine M. Mitchell, Adam J. Luippold, Charles S. Fulco, and Robert W. Kenefick12 August 2019 | Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 127, No. 2Influence of Training Models at 3,900-m Altitude on the Physiological Response and Performance of a Professional Wheelchair Athlete: A Case StudyJournal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Vol. 33, No. 6Altitude Training and Recombinant Human ErythropoietinCurrent Sports Medicine Reports, Vol. 18, No. 4Nutritional strategies in an elite wheelchair marathoner at 3900 m altitude: a case report1 April 2022 | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Vol. 16, No. 1Physiologie der mittleren, großen und extremen HöhenPulmonalvaskuläre und sonstige Veränderungen unter HypoxieInfluence of Training Load on Mood Disturbance at Sea Level and 3900 m Altitude: A Case Study of a Wheelchair Athlete22 October 2018 | Sports, Vol. 6, No. 4Preparation for Endurance Competitions at Altitude: Physiological, Psychological, Dietary and Coaching Aspects. A Narrative Review29 October 2018 | Frontiers in Physiology, Vol. 9Submaximal exercise testing at low altitude for prediction of exercise tolerance at high altitude14 March 2018 | Journal of Travel Medicine, Vol. 25, No. 1Evolved changes in the intracellular distribution and physiology of muscle mitochondria in high-altitude native deer mice7 June 2017 | The Journal of Physiology, Vol. 595, No. 14A Clinician Guide to Altitude Training for Optimal Endurance Exercise Performance at Sea LevelHigh Altitude Medicine & Biology, Vol. 18, No. 2BibliographieA novel pervasive computing method to enhance efficiency of walking activity25 August 2016 | Health and Technology, Vol. 6, No. 4Impact of extreme exercise at high altitude on oxidative stress in humans7 December 2015 | The Journal of Physiology, Vol. 594, No. 18Cardiopulmonary adaptation to short-term high altitude exposure in adult Fontan patients23 May 2016 | Heart, Vol. 102, No. 16The effects of altitude/hypoxic training on oxygen delivery capacity of the blood and aerobic exercise capacity in elite athletes – a metaanalysis31 March 2016 | Journal of Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry, Vol. 20, No. 1Quantitative Model of Sustained Physical Task Duration at Varying AltitudesMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 48, No. 2Ensemble Input of Group III/IV Muscle Afferents to CNS: A Limiting Factor of Central Motor Drive During Endurance Exercise from Normoxia to Moderate Hypoxia25 June 2016Hemoglobin Mass and Aerobic Performance at Moderate Altitude in Elite Athletes25 June 2016Why Are High Altitude Natives So Strong at High Altitude? Nature vs. Nurture: Genetic Factors vs. Growth and Development25 June 2016Usefulness of training camps at high altitude for well-trained adolescentsActa Gymnica, Vol. 45, No. 1Aerobic capacity of Peruvian Quechua: A test of the developmental adaptation hypothesis11 November 2014 | American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 156, No. 3Pressure EnvironmentEfficacy of Acute Intermittent Hypoxia on Physical Function and Health Status in Humans with Spinal Cord Injury: A Brief ReviewNeural Plasticity, Vol. 2015Physiologie der Mittleren, Großen und Extremen Höhen20 May 2015Pulmonalvaskuläre und sonstige Veränderungen unter Hypoxie20 May 2015A cross-sectional study of differences in 6-min walk distance in healthy adults residing at high altitude versus sea level1 February 2014 | Extreme Physiology & Medicine, Vol. 3, No. 1Změny sportovní výkonnosti ve vyšší nadmořské výšce u běžců na lyžích14 July 2014 | Studia sportiva, Vol. 8, No. 1A Novel Mechanism for Cross-Adaptation between Heat and Altitude Acclimation: The Role of Heat Shock Protein 90Physiology Journal, Vol. 2014Timing of return from altitude training for optimal sea level performanceRobert F. Chapman, Abigail S. Laymon Stickford, Carsten Lundby, and Benjamin D. Levine1 April 2014 | Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 116, No. 7Exercise9 November 2013Yin and yang, or peas in a pod? Individual-sport versus team-sport athletes and altitude training19 November 2013 | British Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 47, No. 18The individual response to training and competition at altitude26 November 2013 | British Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 47, No. Suppl 1Increases in $$ \dot{V} $$ O2max with “live high–train low” altitude training: role of ventilatory acclimatization7 July 2012 | European Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 113, No. 2Red Blood Cell Volume and the Capacity for Exercise at Moderate to High Altitude23 December 2012 | Sports Medicine, Vol. 42, No. 8Red Blood Cell Volume and the Capacity for Exercise at Moderate to High AltitudeSports Medicine, Vol. 141Pulmonary system limitations to endurance exercise performance in humans28 March 2012 | Experimental Physiology, Vol. 97, No. 3Occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in winter tourists: data from a retrospective questionnaire11 February 2011 | Clinical Research in Cardiology, Vol. 100, No. 8Factors influencing the time-point of acute myocardial infarction in winter touristsInternational Journal of Cardiology, Vol. 149, No. 1Work in Hypoxic Conditions-Consensus Statement of the Medical Commission of the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA MedCom)25 March 2011 | The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 76Changes of cardiopulmonary function, blood cell parameters, erythropoietin, and cytokines after successive altitude training in marathoners.Exercise Science, Vol. 20, No. 2The property of gender, body composition, physical fitness level, ACE gene polymorphism on differences of submaximal exercise capacity at various hypobaric hypoxic condition.Exercise Science, Vol. 20, No. 1Hematological and Physiological Adaptations Following 46 Weeks of Moderate Altitude ResidenceHigh Altitude Medicine & Biology, Vol. 11, No. 3Traveller's Diarrhoea - Prevention and Treatment in the Mountains9 October 2010 | Medicina Sportiva, Vol. 14, No. 3Phenotypic and Genotypic VariationHuman Adaptation to High AltitudeAuswirkungen akuter Höhenexposition: Welche Höhe ist gesundheitlich verträglich?Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, Vol. 160, No. 13-14The John Sutton memorial lecture, 2009. Conductance systems: an integrative approach to the physiology of extreme conditionsApplied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Vol. 35, No. 2Living history: Elsworth R. BuskirkCharles M. Tipton1 December 2009 | Advances in Physiology Education, Vol. 33, No. 4Nervous System Function during Exercise in HypoxiaHigh Altitude Medicine & Biology, Vol. 10, No. 2Physiological basis to climb Mt. Everest in one dayRespiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Vol. 166, No. 1Effects of Altitude Training to Cardiovascular Function and Blood variables in High school Soccer PlayersKorean Journal of Sport Science, Vol. 20, No. 1Sea-Level Exercise Performance Following Adaptation to HypoxiaSports Medicine, Vol. 39, No. 2Maximum Exercise Responses of Men and Women Mountaineering Trainees on Induction to High Altitude (4350 m) by TrekkingWilderness & Environmental Medicine, Vol. 19, No. 3Classical altitude training8 July 2008 | Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Vol. 18Preparation for football competition at moderate to high altitude8 July 2008 | Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Vol. 18Consensus statement on playing football at different altitude8 July 2008 | Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Vol. 18Do high-altitude natives have enhanced exercise performance at altitude?Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Vol. 33, No. 3GXT Responses in Altitude-Acclimatized Cyclists during Sea-Level SimulationMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 39, No. 10Application of Altitude/Hypoxic Training by Elite AthletesMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 39, No. 9The Ergogenics of Hypoxia Training in AthletesCurrent Sports Medicine Reports, Vol. 5, No. 4Linear decrease in $$\dot V\hbox{O}_{2\max}$$ and performance with increasing altitude in endurance athletes26 November 2005 | European Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 96, No. 4Hypoxic ventilatory response is correlated with increased submaximal exercise ventilation after live high, train low18 December 2004 | European Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 94, No. 1-2Exercise Capacity for Mountaineering: How Much Is Necessary?16 August 2010 | Research in Sports Medicine, Vol. 12, No. 4Intermittent Hypoxic Training: Fact and FancyHigh Altitude Medicine & Biology, Vol. 3, No. 2Modulating Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on Cardiorespiratory Responses to Exercise under Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia.The Japanese Journal of Physiology, Vol. 52, No. 6An evaluation of the concept of living at moderate altitude and training at sea levelComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Vol. 128, No. 4The physiology behind exercise testingPrimary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, Vol. 28, No. 1The Effect of Altitude on Cycling PerformanceSports Medicine, Vol. 31, No. 7Impaired interval exercise responses in elite female cyclists at moderate simulated altitudeMaria J. Brosnan, David T. Martin, Allan G. Hahn, Christopher J. Gore, and John A. Hawley1 November 2000 | Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 89, No. 5Mountaineering16 April 2008Comparing cycling world hour records, 1967???1996: modeling with empirical dataMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 31, No. 11EFFECTS OF HYPOXIC EXERCISE CONDITIONING ON WORK CAPACITY, LACTATE, HYPOXANTHINE AND HORMONAL FACTORS IN MENClinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, Vol. 26, No. 4Multiple variables explain the variability in the decrement in V??O2max during acute hypobaric hypoxiaMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 30, No. 6Multiple variables explain the variability in the decrement in V˙O2max during acute hypobaric hypoxiaMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 30, No. 6Physiological implications of altitude training for endurance performance at sea level: a review.British Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 31, No. 3“Living high-training low”: effect of moderate-altitude acclimatization with low-altitude training on performanceBenjamin D. Levine, and James Stray-Gundersen1 July 1997 | Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 83, No. 1Skeletal muscle adaptations to training under normobaric hypoxic versus normoxic conditionsMedicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise, Vol. 29, No. 2Body Fluid and Energy Metabolism at High Altitude1 January 2011Effects of physical training in a hypobaric chamber on the physical performance of competitive triathletesEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, Vol. 73, No. 5Effects of long-term acclimatization in lowlanders migrating to high altitude: comparison with high altitude residentsEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, Vol. 71, No. 6THE PHYSIOLOGY BEHIND EXERCISE TESTINGPrimary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, Vol. 21, No. 3Role of oxygen free radicals in altitude-related disordersMedical Hypotheses, Vol. 42, No. 2High-altitude training does not increase maximal oxygen uptake or work capacity at sea level in rowers30 January 2007 | Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Vol. 3, No. 4Physiological effects of altitude training on elite male cross‐country skiers14 November 2007 | Journal of Sports Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 1Operation Everest II: structural adaptations in skeletal muscle in response to extreme simulated altitudeActa Physiologica Scandinavica, Vol. 142, No. 3Pulmonary Concerns and the Exercise PrescriptionClinics in Sports Medicine, Vol. 10, No. 1Cardiopulmonary functional changes in acute acclimatisation to high altitude in mountaineersEuropean Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 6, No. 3Caractéristiques physiologiques des alpinistes de haute altitudeScience & Sports, Vol. 3, No. 2Effects of training at simulated altitude on performance and muscle metabolic capacity in competitive road cyclistsEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, Vol. 57, No. 2Oxygen transport during exercise at extreme altitude: Operation everest IIAnnals of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 16, No. 9Environmental Considerations for ExerciseCardiology Clinics, Vol. 5, No. 2Einfluß eines Höhentrainings auf die kardiopulmonale Leistungsfähigkeit in Meereshöhe, dargestellt am Beispiel der deutschen Ruder-NationalmannschaftKörperliche Leistungsfähigkeit in der HöheAltitude Training: Who Benefits?12 May 2016 | The Physician and Sportsmedicine, Vol. 12, No. 4LiteraturA comparative study on the effect of training at altitude and at sea level on endurance and certain biochemical variablesComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 78, No. 1Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen Dissociation Curves During and After a Stay at Moderate AltitudeWomen on Annapurna18 December 2017 | The Physician and Sportsmedicine, Vol. 8, No. 3Hypoxia and the HeartAcute Exposure of College Basketball Players to Moderate Altitude: Selected Physiological Responses17 March 2013 | Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, Vol. 50, No. 4Effects of simulated altitude training on aerobic and anaerobic powerEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, Vol. 38, No. 1OXYGEN UPTAKE AND BLOOD LACTATE IN MAN DURING MILD EXERCISE AT ALTITUDEDevelopmental adaptation to high altitude hypoxiaInternational Journal of Biometeorology, Vol. 21, No. 2Effects of simulated altitude on O2 transport in dogsRespiration Physiology, Vol. 27, No. 3Functional Adaptation to High Altitude HypoxiaScience, Vol. 187, No. 4174Effects of hypoxic training on normoxic maximal aerobic power outputEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, Vol. 33, No. 3Functional acclimation of Japanese quail to simulated high-altitudeJournal of Comparative Physiology ? B, Vol. 93, No. 2Exercise during hyperoxia and hyperbaric oxygenationInternationale Zeitschrift f�r Angewandte Physiologie Einschliesslich Arbeitsphysiologie, Vol. 31, No. 4Aspects of physical activity in high altitude nativesAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 32, No. 2Human Adaptation to High AltitudeScience, Vol. 163, No. 3872The potentiating effect of low oxygen tension exposure during training on subsequent cardiovascular performanceInternationale Zeitschrift f�r Angewandte Physiologie Einschlie�lich Arbeitsphysiologie, Vol. 26, No. 2 More from this issue > Volume 23Issue 2August 1967Pages 259-66 https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1967.23.2.259PubMed6033527History Published online 1 August 1967 Published in print 1 August 1967 Metrics