Abstract
Although ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumor that occurs in the mandible, its occurrence in the maxilla is extremely rare. It exhibits locally aggressive behavior and a high rate of recurrence. A 30-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic, soft, slow-growing swelling in the anterior left maxilla. Panoramic radiography revealed a well-defined radiolucent area, measuring 3.5 cm, associated with the root of tooth #23. The diagnostic hypothesis was periapical cyst. An incisional biopsy was performed, and the microscopic analysis demonstrated anastomosing cords and islands of odontogenic epithelium set in a fibrous stroma. The epithelium consisted of basal cells showing cytoplasmic vacuolization and reverse polarization of the nuclei. In the center of the islands and cords, the cells were more loosely arranged, resembling stellate reticulum. The definitive diagnosis was ameloblastoma. Surgical excision was performed and there was no tumor recurrence during a 2-year follow-up period.
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