Maturation of long latency auditory evoked potentials in hearing children: systematic review.

Liliane Aparecida Fagundes Silva,Fernanda Cristina Leite Magliaro,Carla Gentile Matas,Ana Claudia Martinho De Carvalho

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20172016107

Liliane Aparecida Fagundes Silva, Fernanda Cristina Leite Magliaro + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016107

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Abstract

To analyze how Auditory Long Latency Evoked Potentials (LLAEP) change according to age in children population through a systematic literature review. After formulation of the research question, a bibliographic survey was done in five data bases with the following descriptors: Electrophysiology (Eletrofisiologia), Auditory Evoked Potentials (Potenciais Evocados Auditivos), Child (Criança), Neuronal Plasticity (Plasticidade Neuronal) and Audiology (Audiologia). Level 1 evidence articles, published between 1995 and 2015 in Brazilian Portuguese or English language. Aspects related to emergence, morphology and latency of P1, N1, P2 and N2 components were analyzed. A total of 388 studies were found; however, only 21 studies contemplated the established criteria. P1 component is characterized as the most frequent component in young children, being observed around 100-150 ms, which tends to decrease as chronological age increases. The N2 component was shown to be the second most commonly observed component in children, being observed around 200-250 ms.. The other N1 and P2 components are less frequent and begin to be seen and recorded throughout the maturational process. The maturation of LLAEP occurs gradually, and the emergence of P1, N1, P2 and N2 components as well as their latency values are variable in childhood. P1 and N2 components are the most observed and described in pediatric population. The diversity of protocols makes the comparison between studies difficult.

Highlights

Auditory sensibility is a sense that exists since the twenty‐fifth week of intrauterine life in humans
The experiences lived by each person allow the Central Auditory Nervous System (CANS) to undergo neurophysiological changes, through neuronal plasticity, enabling auditory learning
It is this phenomenon of maturation and modification of the central auditory pathways that allows people to be able to listen, and to allow the auditory abilities to be developed and, this way, the audible stimuli heard can be detected, discriminated, recognized and understood(1)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Auditory sensibility is a sense that exists since the twenty‐fifth week of intrauterine life in humans. With sensorial stimulation of hearing, there are morphological and functional modifications, such as increase of neurons that begin to respond to sound stimuli, amplification of dendritic branch, increase of neuronal myelination and improvement of connections and synaptic synchronizations(2-5). This neuroplasticity can be investigated through the analysis of Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (LLAEP), which has been shown to be an instrument capable of monitoring neurophysiological changes occurring in the CANS, by analyzing the components P1, N1, P2, N2, generated by bioelectrical activity of the thalamo-cortical regions, after acoustic stimulation(6-8). Considering that LLAEPs have been widely used in clinical practice to monitor the maturation of CANS after therapeutic or surgical intervention, it is clear the necessity of raising reference values in hearing children with typical development for comparison purposes

OBJECTIVE

Results in electronic databases

CONCLUSION