Matrix metalloproteinase-7 A-181G and its interaction with matrix metalloproteinase-9 C-1562T polymorphism in preeclamptic patients: association with malondialdehyde level and severe preeclampsia.

Abstract

The abnormal activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) during pregnancy might be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The aim of present study was to investigate the possible influence of MMP-7 A-181G and its interaction with MMP-9 C- 1562T polymorphism on the risk of preeclampsia and lipid peroxidation level. In a case-control study the MMP-7 A-181G and MMP-9 C-1562T polymorphisms were studied in 168 preeclamptic and 154 healthy pregnant women from Western Iran. The MMP-7 and-9 genotypes were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The frequency of MMP-7 G allele in mild- (37.4 %) and severe-preeclampsia (45.6 %) and controls (40.3 %) were not significantly different. In preeclamptic patients in the presence of MMP-7 AG + GG genotype there was a significantly higher concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) (10.52 ± 4.18 μM, p = 0.017) compared to that in AA genotype carriers (9 ± 2.89 μM). Also, in the presence of both MMP-7 G and MMP-9 T alleles the MDA concentration (11.6 ± 4.9 μM) was significantly higher compared to the concomitant presence of MMP-7 A and MMP-9 C wild alleles (9.2 ± 3.1 μM, p = 0.02). There was an interaction between two alleles of MMP-7 G and MMP-9 T that significantly increased the risk of severe preeclampsia by 1.4-fold (OR = 1.4, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.85, p = 0.016). The present study indicates lack of a direct influence of MMP-7 A-181G polymorphism on the risk of preeclampsia. However, this polymorphism through elevation of MDA level as a marker of lipid peroxidation and interaction with MMP-9 C-1562T polymorphism might be associated with the risk of severe preeclampsia.