Abstract
Levels of and especially the degree of activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8) in oral fluids (i.e., saliva, mouth rinse, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implantitis sulcular fluid (PISF)) increase to pathologically elevated levels in the periodontal and peri-implant diseases. This study aimed at collecting and collating data from previously published studies and determining whether active MMP-8 (aMMP-8) could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prevention of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. The literature search identified a total of 284 articles. Out of 284 articles, 61 articles were found to be relevant. Data obtained from the selected studies were combined, and it indicated that aMMP-8 in oral fluids exerts the strong potential to serve as a useful adjunctive diagnostic and preventive biotechnological tool in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. aMMP-8 can be used alone or in combination with other proinflammatory and/or microbiological biomarkers.
Highlights
Periodontitis and peri-implantitis, globally common infectioninduced oral inflammatory disorders of teeth and dental implants supporting soft and hard tissue, i.e., periodontium and peri-implatium, involve destruction of both soft and hard tissues, as active periodontal and peri-implant degradation (APD)
Few studies demonstrated the associations of various periodontal pathogens in oral fluids with the levels of active matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-8 (aMMP-8) and suggested to use in combination with aMMP-8 with other proinflammatory and microbiological biomarkers that may potentially improve the diagnostic accuracy [6, 7]. e present review aimed at collecting and collating the data from published literature regarding the potential of aMMP-8 in saliva/oral fluids to be used as a biomarker and predictor for periodontal and peri-implant diseases [6, 7, 19, 20]
Keyword used for study identification in all databases were “MMP-8 and periodontal inflammation,” “MMP-8 and peri-implantitis,” and “MMP-8 and low-dose doxycycline.” e synonyms such as MMP-8, collagenase-2, and neutrophil collagenase were searched in combination with periodontitis. e electronic search was done from November 11, 2016, to July 30, 2018
Summary
Periodontitis and peri-implantitis, globally common infectioninduced oral inflammatory disorders of teeth and dental implants supporting soft and hard tissue, i.e., periodontium and peri-implatium, involve destruction of both soft and hard tissues, as active periodontal and peri-implant degradation (APD). E MMP family is divided into six protease groups: collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-8, and MMP-13), gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), stromelysins (MMP-3, MMP-10, and MMP-11), matrilysins (MMP-7 and MMP-26), member-type MMPs (MMP-14, MMP-15, MMP-16, MMP-17, and MMP12), and other nonclassified MMPs, given their auxiliary contrasts [2] Among all of these groups, the collagenase group is of particular relevance in periodontal disease as it can efficiently cleave native collagen fibers I, II, and III. An increased level of MMP-8, especially in activated/active form (aMMP-8), in oral fluids is associated with and reflects periodontal and peri-implant inflammation/ diseases especially in clinical active phases [3, 6,7,8]. E level of active, but not latent or total, collagenase-2/MMP-8 reflects, predicts, and is related to progressive periodontal and peri-implant disease activity [11]. Few studies demonstrated the associations of various periodontal pathogens in oral fluids with the levels of aMMP-8 and suggested to use in combination with aMMP-8 with other proinflammatory and microbiological biomarkers that may potentially improve the diagnostic accuracy [6, 7]. e present review aimed at collecting and collating the data from published literature regarding the potential of aMMP-8 in saliva/oral fluids to be used as a biomarker and predictor for periodontal and peri-implant diseases [6, 7, 19, 20]
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