Matrix‐induced sugaring‐out liquid‐liquid microextraction coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruit jams

Abstract

AbstractA rapid and easy analytical method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (fenitrothion, phosalone, profenofos, and chlorpyrifos) in fruit jams was developed using sugaring‐out liquid‐liquid microextraction followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Acetonitrile was the only chemical used in the sample pretreatment step. The high sugar content of the sample matrix highly accelerated the extraction process as it simply triggered phase separation. The optimized sample treatment involved mixing 600 μl of ACN/water mixture (50/50%, v/v) with 1 g of jam sample, shaking for 0.5 min at 2500 rpm, and then centrifuging the sample for 5 min at 2500 × g. Under the optimal conditions, the extraction recoveries in the range of 81%–89% were achieved for the analytes. Good linearity in a range of 50–5000 μg/kg (r2 ≥ 0.9992) and limits of detection less than 25 μg/kg were obtained. Recovery assays for spiked commercial jams made from cherry, strawberry, blackberry, apricot, and blueberry provided recoveries from 89% to 107%.