MATLAB modelling of EV and BMS for modular battery swapping

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have been widely regarded as the most promising solutions to replace the conventional internal combustion (IC) engine-based vehicles, and the recent years have seen a rapid development of EV and HEV technologies. Energy storage technologies are increasingly emerging with the popularity of electric vehicles. Owing to its high efficiency and low emissions, the battery is one of the most common energy storage systems. Battery management system (BMS) is vital in ensuring safe and reliable operation of batteries. Switching to electric vehicle revolution is taking too much time especially in India due to its high charging time of batteries and inadequate charging infrastructure. Battery swapping is one of the methodology developed to solve this problem. Battery swapping is a method in which a vehicle's discharged battery pack can be immediately swapped with a fully charged one, eliminating the delay involved in waiting for the vehicle's battery to charge. But for large vehicles battery swapping become complex since the battery size is very large. Costly battery swapping station with robotic mechanism is needed to swap the battery. To solve this problem in this paper we have suggested a new battery swapping method called modular battery swapping where the battery is arranged as a number of modules and can be swapped one by one easily with our hands. We have modelled an electric vehicle having this modular battery swapping feature using MATLAB, which drives based on a locally developed drive cycle. Different functions of BMS are also included in the MATLAB EV model.