Abstract
Most of the pollutants present in wastewater can be effectively removed through advanced wastewater treatment processes. However, the microconstituents (MCs) present in the wastewater may continue to persist in reclaimed water even after the treatment process. These MCs, if present in wastewater, can be a challenge for both wastewater treatment processing and solid waste management. The mechanism that governs the mobility of MCs present in reclaimed water through porous media is required for prediction of its fate and transport. A hydrodynamic model can predict the fate and transport of these MCs when discharged directly onto the ground surface. Since the biological contaminants are also considered as a type of MC, this chapter presents the basic mechanisms involved in their transport through saturated and unsaturated porous media. The mathematical models of flow and transport of biological contaminants and the use of numerical simulation for their prediction with respect to space and time are also presented in this chapter.
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