Abstract
As the internet traffic along with the processing power in data centers are exponentially growing, the need for the design of energy efficient with highly elastic networking infrastructure to support the different applications and cloud services that can be hosted in data centers have become a hot research area. A key departure from the norm is that conventional routers and switches in conventional data centers are replaced with high performance Passive Optical Networks (PONs) to take over the role of routing and traffic forwarding through efficient resource provisioning algorithms. In this paper, the different aspects of PONs in the design of energy efficient, high capacity, and highly elastic networking infrastructures to support the applications and services hosted by modern data centers are considered. In this work, a mathematical optimization model for energy-efficient and delay-minimized scheduling in AWGR based PON data center for PON cell fabric configuration will be presented. The performance of the proposed architecture in terms of efficient scheduling against average delay and power consumption for different traffic loads and patterns will be evaluated. Different scenarios of traffic; random and unbalanced with hotspots are examined to evaluate the average delay and power consumption with and without sleep mode. Results have shown that with sleep mode enabled, power savings for two evaluated objective functions have shown similar results when examining different traffic patterns. The power savings range between 8% and 55% during low and high load activities, respectively. However, minimization of delay model has shown improvement in reducing total average delay reaching up to 42% if compared with the model with objective of minimization of power consumption.
Highlights
In recent years, efforts for the re-design of data center architectures have been devoted to tackle two major issues appeared in conventional data center designs; power consumption in the first place which has main impact on the global warming, and high cost of the electricity bill resulted from high number of electronic devices used in the fabric networking interconnection [1]
In [9], we have shown that the Arrayed Waveguide Grating Router (AWGR)-based Passive Optical Networks (PONs) architecture can be scaled up efficiently to hundreds of thousands of servers and have shown energy savings of 45% and 80% compared to the Fat-Tree [10] and BCube [11] architectures respectively
We evaluate the performance of the described architecture depicted in Figure 1 in terms of scheduling against average delay and power consumption for servers hosted in the PON cell
Summary
Efforts for the re-design of data center architectures have been devoted to tackle two major issues appeared in conventional data center designs; power consumption in the first place which has main impact on the global warming, and high cost of the electricity bill resulted from high number of electronic devices used in the fabric networking interconnection [1]. Authors in [6] proposed a design with multiple uplink ports at the access layer to facilitate inter-rack communication through either AWGRs or TOR switches. Another partial PON implementation was presented in [7]. Further investigation is carried on the AWGR PON architecture design presented in [9] to design a protocol through a centralized scheduler capable of coordinating channel access arbitration and bandwidth allocation for intra PON cell communication.
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