Mathematical models used in TBI

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Mathematical models used in TBI Svein Kleiven1* 1 KTH School of Technology and Health, Neuronic Engineering, Sweden In Sweden, head injuries causes about 78% of the deaths in motor vehicle accidents. The total annual rate of head injuries in Sweden over the last 14 years is also relatively constant. Thus, in spite of several national preventive strategies, there has not been an important impact on the total burden of head injury. Neurotrauma is the physical damage that results when the human skull and brain are suddenly subjected to intolerable levels of energy that is usually transmitted mechanically. Most of the research in the injury prevention area was initiated by the military aircraft industry in the sixties and seventies. Today the research is to a greater extent sponsored by the car manufacturing industry, partly as a result of the demands from the customers and the media. However, there is a long way to go before a complete understanding of the pathophysiological events following an accident is reached. This paper primarily focuses on summarizing current efforts, and to outline future strategies in human head injury modeling. Although the finite element (FE) modeling of the human head has been advancing over the past decades, it is still far from being able to explain all brain injury mechanisms and predict all types of impact injuries. However, using proper material characterization, correct boundary conditions and detailed geometric representation, a finite element model of the human head can provide us a powerful tool. A detailed and parameterized FE model of the adult human head is presented. It includes the scalp, skull, brain, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and eleven pairs of bridging veins. Separate representations of gray and white matter, and inclusion of the ventricles were also implemented. Non-linear and viscoelastic models are derived for the central nervous system (CNS) and meninges and the importance for injury prediction is outlined. The fluids were modelled using an Eulerian FE formulation, and constrains between fluids and solids were defined. Proposed injury measures for the CNS are also evaluated. Application of the FE head model to reconstructions of real head injury cases will also be discussed. Keywords: accident reconstruction, brain injury prevention, Finite Element Analysis, Traumatic Brain Injury Conference: Karolinska Institutet 200 years anniversary Symposium on Traumatic Injuries in the Nervous System, Stockholm, Sweden, 15 Sep - 16 Sep, 2010. Presentation Type: Presentation Topic: Traumatic Injuries in the Nervous System Citation: Kleiven S (2010). Mathematical models used in TBI. Front. Neurol. Conference Abstract: Karolinska Institutet 200 years anniversary Symposium on Traumatic Injuries in the Nervous System. doi: 10.3389/conf.fneur.2010.56.00012 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 07 Sep 2010; Published Online: 21 Sep 2010. * Correspondence: Dr. Svein Kleiven, KTH School of Technology and Health, Neuronic Engineering, Huddinge, Sweden, sveink@kth.se Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Svein Kleiven Google Svein Kleiven Google Scholar Svein Kleiven PubMed Svein Kleiven Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.