Mathematical models of the activity of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms in patients aged 60–89 operated for lung cancer

Abstract

SummaryIntroduction. A decrease in the possibilities of compen-satory and adaptive mechanisms in patients of older age groups operated for lung cancer causes an increased risk of perioperative complications. The purpose of the study. To identify patterns of reactions of the cardiovas-cular, respiratory systems and metabolism in elderly and senile patients with lung cancer and to calculate mathe-matical models based on this to assess the likelihood of risks of perioperative complications. Materials and meth-ods: The study included 100 patients aged 60–89 years who underwent elective surgical treatment for primary non-small cell lung cancer. To assess the functional capa-bilities of the body, cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in the preoperative period for all patients in-cluded in the study. Results and discussion. In patients of older age groups with lung cancer, during standard-ized exercise testing in the preoperative period, signs of activity of compensatory and adaptive mechanisms were revealed. They were differentiated depending on the period (intraoperative and postoperative) and the type of complications occurring (cardiovascular, respirato-ry, surgical). These changes made it possible to develop prognostic models for assessing the risk of perioperative complications in patients aged 60–89 years who under-went elective surgery for lung cancer. Conclusion. The characteristic features of the activity of cardiovascular, and respiratory systems, as well as metabolic parame-ters recorded during cardiopulmonary exercise testing allowed us to identify several types of patterns of activity of compensatory and adaptive mechanisms associated with the development of complications, associated with elective surgery, in patients 60–89 years of age with lung cancer. On this basis, mathematical models were calculat-ed to assess the probability of risks of perioperative com-plications, which make it possible to improve the quality of prognosis and stratify these risks by period (intraoper-ative and postoperative) and their type (cardiovascular, respiratory, surgical).