Abstract
With the increasing number of vehicle due to the boom of population and rapid modernisation, the management of waste tire is growing problem. Reusing grinded tire rubber in concrete is a green innovation which provide an outlet for reusing waste tire. While providing certain benefits to concrete, incorporation of tire rubber results in significant loss of concrete compressive strength which hinders the potential of rubberised concrete. This paper aims to develop mathematical models on the influence of tire rubber replacement on the compressive strength of concrete using design of experiment (DoE). 33 data sets are gathered from available literature on concrete with waste tire rubber as partial replacement of fine aggregate. Response surface methodology (RSM) model of rubberised concrete compressive strength shows great accuracy with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9923 and root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 2.368. Regression analysis on the strength index of rubberised concrete shows that rubberised concrete strength loss can be expressed in an exponential function of percentage of replacement. The strength loss is attributed to morphology of rubber particles and the weak bonds between rubber particles and cement paste. Hence, tire rubber replacement should be done sparingly with proper treatment and control to minimise concrete strength loss.
Highlights
Management of waste tire is becoming a growing concern and posts a huge challenge to scientists and industries alike [1]
Seven input variables which comprises the proportion of concrete constituent materials as well as the percentage of rubber replacement and maximum size of rubber particle are selected as the predictors of the study
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model accurately products a model for the prediction of rubberised concrete strength even though the proportion of coarse aggregate and rubber size are excluded from the model
Summary
Management of waste tire is becoming a growing concern and posts a huge challenge to scientists and industries alike [1]. While Malaysia faces challenge in solid waste management, tire waste is a problem that affect nations across the entire globe [2]. In India, millions of tons of waste tires are produced every year and around 60 percent of said waste are disposed from urban and rural areas [4]. 30,000,000 million waste tires are produced in France per year [5]. In Malaysia, the generation of motorcar waste tire generated has increased to about 8 millions tonnes but about 60% of those waste has been disposed through questionable routes [6]. Malaysia faces challenges with solid waste management with an alarmingly low recycling rate [7]. Waste tire rubber is proposed to be reused as various industrial products [8] such as thermosetting resin [9]. The field of civil engineering has performed studies on the possibility of reusing waste tire rubber as flexible pavement [4] and structural concrete [10]
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