Abstract
This paper is about Mathematical Modelling for Thermal and Mechanical Design of Shell and Tube type Gas Cooler used in Transcritical CO2 Refrigeration system. Transcritical refrigeration system refers to system whose condenser temperature is above critical temperature of refrigerant. To achieve it, the condenser in conventional refrigeration system is replaced by Gas Cooler where Refrigerant vapour is cooled sensibly without condensation. The gas cooler is used for cooling of refrigerant by using water as coolant. The temperature of refrigerant vapour coming out of compressor in transcritical system is more as compared to conventional refrigerant system. So gas cooler can be effectively used for heating of water. This paper describes a mathematical model that can be used in predicting the heat transfer performance of a shell and tube type Gas Cooler used in transcritical CO2 refrigeration system. The model uses Kern Method of Heat exchanger design. Given the fluid inlet and outlet temperatures flow rates of fluid & fluid properties the model determines (a) the necessary heat transfer surface area, (b) Outside and inside heat transfer coefficient, (c) overall heat transfer coefficient, (d) Pressure drop on shell and tube side, (e) It also determines mechanical design parameters such as shell O. D, Shell thickness, Tube sheet thickness, Flange thickness.
Highlights
In the last few years researchers came to know about the adverse effect of refrigerants on environment i.e. global warming and ozone depletion potential as these are adverse effects government added restrictions on use of such refrigerant who causes the global warming and ozone depletion, so industries are in search of new and natural refrigerant which has low global warming and less ozone depletion potential
CO2 is having less value of critical temperature and pressure so getting less temperature range for application and restricted to 31°C to use CO2 for wide range of temperature to operate the system at pressure above critical point pressure i.e. above 73 bar as the pressure of the system is above critical point the condensation is not possible at pressure above critical pressure so in CO2 transcritical Refrigeration system condenser is replaced by gas cooler
In this paper Shell and Tube type Gas Cooler used in transcritical CO2 refrigeration system is modelled using kern method as shown in figure 1
Summary
In the last few years researchers came to know about the adverse effect of refrigerants on environment i.e. global warming and ozone depletion potential as these are adverse effects government added restrictions on use of such refrigerant who causes the global warming and ozone depletion, so industries are in search of new and natural refrigerant which has low global warming and less ozone depletion potential. In this regard, CO2 is one of the refrigerants, which has zero ozone depletion potential and less value of global warming potential. The various mathematical model used for design of shell and tube type gas cooler is explained in below section
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