Abstract
Worldwide the processes of erosion, transport and sedimentation have a significant social, economic and environmental impact. In the past decade the most important external factor that has significantly increased the erosion and sediment process is the human factor throughout its daily activities. The changes of land cover and use, the intensive deforestation, urbanization and infrastructure development, sand extraction from river beds alter the natural watercourse and thus leading to erosion, sediment transportation and finally to the silting of rivers and reservoirs. The process of erosion and sedimentation occurs, among other areas, in the hydro-technical constructions with significant effects. In the next 30 years it’s expected to lose more than 50% of the storage capacity of the reservoirs in the world due to the silting phenomenon. The control and monitor of the sediment dynamics represents a critical component in the sustainable management of water resources. Also the understanding of the involved phenomena is essential in order to develop solution for reducing the sediment and erosion that occur and adopt measures to extend the life of the reservoirs. This paper taps the solution of mathematical modelling using dedicated software in order to establish the morphological changes that occur in Ogrezeni-Crivina reservoir, located on the river Arges.
Highlights
Sediments represent solid materials in the form of particles which after being detached from the earth’s crust through the action of natural forces and the transport in streams are deposited at the surface of the earth
The sediment process consists in some major steps: the erosion process which consists in the dislocation of the soil, in particles under the action of water and other agents; the transport process with the water acting as a movement force; the sedimentation process of the transported particles
The total amount of sediment mass that resulted after the simulation was approximately 126 000 tons/year. In these circumstances the total volume of sediment deposited over a year in the reservoir is 60 000 mc/year, volume which is lost from the available storage capacity
Summary
Sediments represent solid materials in the form of particles which after being detached from the earth’s crust (river bed) through the action of natural forces and the transport in streams are deposited at the surface of the earth. A particle subjected to this process tends to move as the result of the action of an active force and it opposes by its weight and friction forces. In order to analyze the sediment transport process in the water bodies, it is considered that the material is noncohesive whose particles move practically independent, with no phenomena occurring between them that can lead to the adhesion of the particles. Another hypothesis that is considered is that the flow in rivers is turbulent. The major characteristics of a particle are its dimension, from, specific weight and velocity of drop
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