Mathematical Modeling of Solar Drying Systems

Abstract

Mathematical modeling appears to be valuable utensils for the forecasting of drying kinetics of agro-commodities. Numerous mathematical models like heat and mass balance models, thin-layer models, and equilibrium moisture content models have been used to illustrate the thin-layer and deep bed drying of agro-products. This chapter begins with a broad appraisal of the basic concepts and theories essential for the mathematical modeling of solar drying. Next, the common modeling approaches and developmental steps (model conceptualization, mathematical formulation, determination of model parameters, method of solution, and experimental validation) implicated in solar drying were outlined. Then a sequential progress of thin-layer drying models (semi-theoretical, theoretical, and empirical models) has been discussed briefly. The subsequent section reviews the application of above models by different researchers in the last decade. Afterward newly developed or commonly used thin-layer drying mathematical equations related to the solar collector models and drying cabinet models for different solar drying systems and food products were shown. Finally, we conclude this chapter with future directions and need for more investigations on solar drying. It is estimated that this chapter will be valuable to persons concerned with mathematical modeling and investigation of solar drying.